Eulogy in Remembrance of a Friend: Awi Chaves’ Cakeistry CDO, “Sweet Dreams are made of these”

Exactly fourteen years ago I wrote and had the following feature story published. I am sharing this again in remembrance of a dear friend and artist exemplar whose works deserve a place in Cagayan de Oro’s Pantheon of Intangible Cultural Heritage.

Awi Chaves’ Cakeistry CDO: Sweet Dreams are made of these

It’s quite difficult to pigeonhole Ma. Aurora “Awi” Riego de Dios Garcia-Chaves as an artist: cake decorator, sugar artist or sculptor?

Ever since her creations burst into Cagayan de Oro’s social scene barely three years ago, orders have been coming thick and fast that she and her husband Kaye “Kap” Fumar Chaves have hardly any break putting out their custom-made, completely hand-made fondant cakes on time.

Ms. Chaves “Cakeistry” makes custom made, one-of-a-kind cakes for all occasions.

“I like to believe I’m not just making cakes to last for a day but rather creating memories that will last a lifetime,” Ms. Chaves said. And what memories they are!

A quick cross-section of Awi’s creations doesn’t quite cover the length and breadth of what she can do: a line-up of genuine sugar Longchamp Le Plaige bags made from gum paste; a moist chocolate cake with choco panels and filigrees; a Father’s Day cake for a CB/radio enthusiast; a kitchen themed cake from the Japanese anime series Nadesico complete with a hand-made 5” high doll of Akito Tenkawa and a miniature kitchen complete with utensils, stove and oven; a 3-foot high cream cheese and mocha pound wedding cake decorated with fresh liliums; a 9-inch moist chocolate cake with an Eskimo theme complete with cream cheese igloo pound cake and Eskimos; and a Kagay-anon classmate’s gift to her German hubby: a MAN diesel truck; who liked it so much he didn’t permit it to be eaten and brought it back with him to Germany! But you get the idea…

“Her cakes are really good, compared with things I’ve seen here and abroad,” says Carsten Radke, a professional chef from Berlin, Germany married to Kagay-anon Jennifer Abarado and owner of La Vetta, an upscale French Med resto formely in Limketkai Center.

Frank Peter Kliem, a visiting Konditor meister from Gottingen, Germany said, “Her work looks very good and very professional – I like this work very much and think it is a really good handmade work with really good and nice details- all together a very nice cake.”

Indeed, Awi inherited her artistic chops from her Nanay’s side, Purificacion “Purie” Riego de Dios of Cotabato City whom she first saw baking a chiffon cake and learned how to mix the batter manually in one direction making mostly marble and chiffon cakes on her Northern Hill electric oven.

The second of five siblings (one sister and three brothers), Awi inherited her love for cooking from her mom as well, recalling how everyone in the family cooked, and the house specialties including kare, bulalo and arroz caldo.

The family moved to Cagayan de Oro in 1969 when Awi was two because her Tagalog dad Melecio “Miling” Garcia was assigned here as the operations manager of a local logging firm.

She wasn’t particularly interested in cooking and the arts during her younger days, though she recalls going the extra mile for her art projects in grade school and having a penchant for charcoal sketching, scrap books and photo albums, and home-made pizza.

In high school she recalls cooking with her gang at Lourdes College of Lani Malferrari, Malou Neri and Sandy Pedrajas as well as taking lessons from the dean of Kagay-anon cake decorators in the 1980s, Lydia Robillos of the famous Rosita’s Bake Shop.

However, she didn’t do much cooking or baking after her graduation from Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan in 1988, until she became a full-time mother to her four kids (three girls, one boy) and wife to hubby Kap.

However, in 2008 her interest in cooking and baking was piqued when she started reading food magazines and took baking and cake decorating lessons from Chef Ma. Erwina “Booboo” C. Maramba of the Wilton School of Cake Decorating at Pearlmont Inn.

“When I first met Awi, she was a newbie in cake decorating. Immediately, I saw a great potential in her,” recalls Chef Booboo. “Firstly, she was never satisfied with her work, no matter how much I assured her that it was okay, considering that it was her first time. Secondly, she was inquisitive, always asking questions. And last but not least, she was patient, trying endlessly to perfect what she perceived to be an imperfect creation.”

In 2009, Awi’s interest in fondant cakes was fanned by Chef Jesuit Paul Nugas, but when her first fondant cake ended in disaster she didn’t touch a cake a year after that. But she took heart from the encouragement of Chef Maramba who kept on encouraging her to pursue her interest in cake decorating.

“I prodded her to give cake decorating a chance because I know talent when I see one. You either have it or you don’t, and Awi has it,” Chef Maramba said. “She was just too scared to try. Thank God, she finally listened and so Cagayan de Oro is reaping the rewards. I am very proud to have started her on her journey.”

Finally, exactly three years ago to date, she resumed her cake decorating with a wedding cake for a former employee. She posted the pic of that cake in Facebook and the social networking site took care of the rest.

High school classmate Adelfa Flores-Turner, who now lives in the US, coined the name “Cakeistry CDO” (for Cake Artistry) while her sister Ma. Theresa “Mayette” Lonergan came up with the tagline: “We transform your cake ideas into a sweet reality.”

It’s only been four years since June 2010 but already Cakeistry has delivered close to a thousand of made to order mostly fondant one-of-a-kind cakes for all occasions. That’s around a cake every three days on the average. When you consider how many man-hours it takes to come up with one, that is a monumental achievement in itself considering the artistry that goes into making one and Awi makes them practically all by herself.

On the average, it takes over forty eight hours to make one from conceptualization to delivery.  Many times the couple’s been up till the wee hours of the morning putting the finishing touches on yet another masterpiece.

“The weather, believe it or not, is a big factor in covering cakes in fondant and decorating with gum paste figures or cut-outs, and a sudden change from warm to wet weather can ruin your preparations,” Awi notes. To address this “climate change” issue, Kap built her a 130 sq.m. work area annex to her dining room where all the cakes were made previously. It has a separate baking and decorating areas, the latter with climate control to enable Awi to have better control of the temperature and humidity.

Already, Cakeistry is evolving into a new direction with Awi’s “Illuminated Cakes”.

“It’s something doable but no one dared to venture doing,” she notes.”I wanted something positive and bright so I came up with the idea of a ‘chandelier’ cake.” Since making the first one, orders have been coming thick and fast that she has hardly been able to cope up with the orders. Nevertheless, she is happy other cake decorators have picked up the trend and are now also filling in the gap.

But illuminated cakes are just the second step from Cakeistry’s fondant cakes. Awi says  she has so many ideas she can’t put them all down which is why she always stays up late.

 “I have never wanted to be ordinary. Rather, I want to set the standard and start a trend!”

With the way her loyal customers keep coming back for more, it’s safe to say Cagayan de Oro’s reputation as the artistic center of Northern Mindanao, in cake sculpturing at least, is in safe hands.

-INDNJC-

Oro SP approves Southridge Business Park Phase 1

The Sangguniang Panlungsod of Cagayan de Oro approved the Development Permit for the Southridge Business Park Phase 1 in Barangay Lumbia during its 42nd Regular Session on June 29, 2026.

Majority Floor Leader Councilor Edgar Salcedo Cabanlas cited the project as another concrete example of Cagayan de Oro’s unstoppable business growth, thus proving itself as the catalyst of Northern Mindanao’s rise as an economic success story.

According to Engr. Chrysler B. Acebu, PDO Vice President for Cagayan de Oro Operations, the 31-hectare SOUTHRIDGE development consists of Southridge Residences (5.7 ha. residential subdivision ); Southridge Business Park Phase 1 (9.4 ha. mixed-use project) and the upcoming Southridge Business Park Phase 2 (12.6 ha. mixed-use project).

Designed by globally renowned firm Arcadis, Southridge’s master plan integrates the future-ready business park and commercial district with prime residential lots, further enhancing its value as a strategic investment destination. Set within an area of rapid expansion and strong land value appreciation, it is where lifestyle potential and long-term growth converge, strengthening its position as a key growth node in one of the city’s most dynamic districts.

The 9.4-hectare Southridge Business Park Phase 1 is a key part of the project, marking another major step in the area’s urban and commercial development. Southridge Business Park is perfectly positioned alongside premier and upscale residential developments, allowing it to leverage the growing demand for both commercial and residential properties in Uptown Cagayan de Oro.

Its strategic location fronting the Pueblo de Oro–Laguindingan Diversion Road provides efficient connectivity to Laguindingan Airport, a key advantage for businesses, residents, and visitors. The area also offers seamless access to key destinations, just minutes from Masterson Avenue, Pueblo Business Park, major retail hubs, and leading educational institutions, while preserving a sense of exclusivity and calm above the city.

Southridge Residences, the first out the gate of Pueblo de Oro’s three planned projects for the area, was launched earlier this year. Homeowners will have access to curated amenities that promote wellness and connection—pocket parks, pedestrian-friendly roads, a clubhouse with function hall and game room, swimming pool, children’s playground, and multi-game court. 

Set within the 31-hectare the master-planned mixed-use development, Southridge Residences reflects a vision of refined modern living. The 5.7-hectare premium enclave features generously sized lots ranging from 250–400+ sqm, within a thoughtfully planned low-density community that balances privacy, space, and urban convenience.

The development features a layout that integrates natural terrain, efficient infrastructure, and open green spaces—elements aligned with Pueblo de Oro’s broader approach to creating balanced and resilient communities.

Purposely planned with both form and function in mind, the development gives due consideration to an efficient drainage system, generous rear yard spaces, and the preservation of the land’s natural terrain. Its elevation and natural contours further enhance the community’s character—creating a landscape that is both visually distinctive and inherently resilient.

Unveiling-of-Pueblo-de-Oro’s-Southridge-Project

During Southridge Residence’s official launch, Mayor Rolando “Klarex” Uy, in a statement read by City Administrator Atty. Roy Hilario Raagas, lauded the launch as a reflection of “vision, excellence, and a shared commitment to building communities that inspire better living,” while reaffirming the city’s partnership with Pueblo de Oro and the ICCP Group in advancing Cagayan de Oro’s growth as a hub for investment and sustainable urban development.

 “For more than three decades, Pueblo de Oro (PDO) and the ICCP Group have been among our most valued partners in development. Southridge stands as another landmark of progress in Uptown Cagayan de Oro, reinforcing our city’s position as a vibrant hub for investment, innovation, and sustainable urban growth,” the statement continued.

The Pueblo Context

“Since 1995, PDO has been at the forefront of master-planned development in Cagayan de Oro. We have not simply built communities – we have shaped a vision of what Uptown living can be,” noted Marlon B. Escalicas, PDO Vice President for Masterson Mile North.

Escalicas cited how PDO introduced one of the first integrated business parks and townships in the city, complemented by a world-class golf course and premium residential enclaves that continue to define elevated living.

“Our commitment has always been clear: to create an integrated, interconnected, and sustainable ecosystem where people can truly live, work, and learn. This vision transforms our development into thriving communities – places where life is not just lived, but truly experienced.”

 “We are proud to unveil the first of a series of landmark launches this 2026. What we introduce today is more than just another residential development. With only a limited number of lots available, this community is designed for those who value exclusivity, distinction, and long-term value,” he added.

“Today, Pueblo de Oro stands as a testament to forward-thinking development – a place where heritage meets progress, and where every milestone reflects a promise fulfilled,” observed Engr. Acebu.

“As we look ahead, the story of Pueblo de Oro continues. With every home built, every business opened,  and every family welcomed, it moves closer to its vision of creating communities that inspire and endure.”     

Backed by over 31 years of excellence, Pueblo de Oro continues to define The Gold Standard—building communities anchored on prime location, green living, trusted reputation, and lasting value.

Southridge is more than a development. It is a statement of success.

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Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan refreshes 5-Star Resort Rating, introduces enhanced Muslim-friendly facilities and services

By Tito Mike

The Department of Tourism recently renewed the 5-Star Rating of the only premier water park resort in Cebu, and on top of this, introduced its enhanced Muslim-friendly facilities and services.

These were among the highlights presented by the Jpark Island Resorts & Waterparks Marketing Team during their Cagayan de Oro Regional Product Presentation held on June 23, 2026 at the Limketkai Luxe Hotel.

Ms. Ritchel Bojos, Hotel Manager of the Alona by Jpark Island Resort Panglao Bohol revealed that following the most recent assessment conducted by the Department of Tourism early this year, Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan Cebu has once again been accredited as a 5-star resort.

Vloggers, Content Creators , and Media covered the event.

A much-anticipated star rating that the resort is eager and proud to get as we continue to ensure quality service through well-maintained facilities, services, and customer relations,” Ms. Bojos said.

“This prestigious recognition is a testament to the resort’s commitment to excellence across every aspect of hospitality — from personalized service and fine dining to luxurious accommodations and curated guest experiences. This recognition reflects the hard work, passion, and dedication of its entire team, who consistently go above and beyond to create memorable stays for our valued guests,” she added.

JPark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan Cebu

Highlights of Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan’s 5-Star Facilities include luxurious accommodations designed for ultimate comfort and style; incredible swimming experience at their 7 themed pools; extreme adventure at the water park with 3 giant slides; award-winning culinary experiences crafted by renowned chefs; exclusive recreational activities and curated adventures; daily live entertainment and nightly fire show; and not the least, the longest beach front in the island of Mactan, Cebu.

Nestled in the heart of ML Quezon Highway, Maribago, Lapu-Lapu City, Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark has become a premier destination for discerning travelers seeking both relaxation and adventure in a breathtaking setting. The 5-star recognition reaffirms its position as one of the most sought-after luxury resorts in the Philippines.

Expanding Inclusion

In another development aimed at further expanding inclusion, the resort has announced the introduction of enhanced Muslim-friendly facilities and services, reinforcing its commitment to inclusive and culturally respectful hospitality for international and local travelers.

“As global Muslim travel continues to grow, the resort has taken significant steps to ensure that Muslim guests can enjoy a comfortable and worry-free stay while observing their religious practices,” said Mr. Jehd P. Ombos, Senior Sales Manager at JPark Island Resort & Watepark Mactan, Cebu.

“The initiative reflects Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan’s dedication to welcoming diverse communities and providing thoughtful accommodations for guests from around the world,” he stressed.

Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan Cebu General Manager Anders Hallden receives the Muslim-Friendly Certificate from DOT-VII Marlon Barrientos flanked by resort executives.

Key Muslim-friendly features now available at the resort include Muslim-Friendly-certified dining offers, prayer facilities for guests, and in-room amenities such as clearly indicated Qibla directions and prayer mats upon request. The resort has also trained staff to better understand the needs of Muslim travelers, ensuring respectful and attentive service throughout the guest experience.

“Hospitality is about making every guest feel welcomed, respected, and comfortable. By introducing Muslim-friendly services, Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan, Cebu is proud to create an environment where Muslim families and travelers can fully enjoy their vacation while observing their faith,” said Ginafe Tan Casas, Sales Manager – Domestic.

Located along the scenic coastline of Mactan Island in Cebu, the resort is known for its expansive water park, private beach, luxury accommodations, and family-friendly attractions. With the addition of Muslim-friendly amenities, the resort aims to strengthen Cebu’s position as an inclusive destination for global tourism.

The team also introduced the 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐚 𝐏𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐨𝐧, the newest addition to the indoor venues at Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark.

The resort continues to offer its signature attractions, including multiple swimming pools, water slides, family recreation areas, and diverse dining experiences, making it an ideal destination for leisure travelers, families, and international visitors.

Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan welcomes guests to experience a relaxing, culturally considerate, and memorable getaway in the heart of Cebu.

To spice up  their CDO Regional Product Presentation, the team raffled off four two-night stays for a family of four to the vloggers, content creatrs, and media who covered the event. Raffle draw winners for Alona Jpark were Ms. Cecil M. Alla, Nexus Freight and Travel, and Mr. Mike Baños  of BusinessWeek. Jpark Mactan winners were Ms. Marecris M. Ganabes, Airtime Travel Express, and Ms. Charlonched T. Gilbuela, Dreamflight Travel and Tours.

 About Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan
Jpark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan is the only 5-star premier water park resort in Cebu, offering luxury accommodations, a water park, private beachfront access, and world-class amenities. Known for its family-friendly environment and international hospitality standards, the resort continues to expand its services to meet the evolving needs of global travelers.

To know more, visit www.jparkislandresort.com or their social media handles at @jparkislandresortmactan. For inquiries and reservations, please call us 032 494 5555 or email them at rsvn@jparkislandresort.com

Alona by Jpark Island Resort in Panglao, Bohoil is owned and operated by the same company behind JPark Island Resort & Waterpark Mactan Cebu.

Anthology of Inspiring Kagay-anons and Misamisnons set for Mindanao Book Fair launch

A two-volume book on the life stories of inspiring Kagay-anons and Misamisnons will be launched later today at the Mindanao Book Fair happening at the Event Hall of SM Cagayan de Oro Downtown from June 18 to 20.

Authored by veteran provincial writer and community journalist Rene Michael “Mike” Baños, it is published by Papel-Papel Publishing OPC, a Cagayan de Oro-based independent micropress dedicated to publishing underrepresented literary works from Northern Mindanawon writers. Founded by Nadine Legaspi, herself a published author, Papel-Papel highlights stories that vividly capture the evolving experiences of Region X in all local languages.

“We chose Pinahanongod(Dedication) as the title for this anthology dedicated to the Kagay-anons and Misamisnons whose lives and dedication continue to inspire generations young and old, not merely because it seems not just a most appropriate and sincere word, but also for its significance in Cagayan de Oro’s history that continues to resonate with its citizens more than a century later,” Baños explains.

            “Pinahanongod”is a Cebuano poem composed by the Kagay-anon poet Toribio Chaves which was performed by Pedro Akuton 10 January 1899 when Cagayan de Oro (then known as Cagayan de Misamis) marked the inauguration of the Philippine Independence with a two-day celebration called the La Fiesta Nacional, which featured a parade around the town, cannonades, and only the second raising of the Philippine flag in Mindanao.  

An extant photograph of the float “La Libertad de Filipinas” which featured in La Fiesta Nacional parade of 10 January 1899 in Cagayan de Misamis. (Enhanced by Ladysoda.PH)

“In the course of my thirty-three years as a provincial writer and community journalist, I have been privileged to be blessed with the friendship of many Kagay-anons and Misamisnons, many of whom I first met in my various vocations as a community organizer with the first-ever iteration of the Oro Chamber, a government employee with the Cagayan de Oro-Iligan Corridor Special Development Project (CIC-SDP), and as a print and broadcast journalist with one of the country’s major broadcast networks and various regional and national newspapers,” Baños noted.

“Many of the subjects of these stories may not be considered great by the usual measures of fame we attribute to persons we are wont to look up to, and of whom wonderful feats have been proclaimed: an incorruptible public servant, a photographer who recorded Cagayan de Oro’s journey in his pictures and paintings, two pilots who brought hope to people in the world’s far-off conflict areas, a humble kusinera whose home-cooked meals epitomized the quintessence of the Kagay-anon karenderiya and an up-and-coming chef in the USA who is bringing the essence of Kagay-anon culinary traditions to a global audience, local artists who pioneered excellence in cinema, fashion, sculpture, and pageantry,” he added. “The common thread running through all these stories are the exemplary and inspiring experiences they shared, which will surely resonate with all readers.” 

Papel-Papel Publishing OPC is one of six co-exhibitors featured under the National Book Development Board’s (NBDB) Collective Stand during the fair. In the announcement on their Facebook page, the NBDB states: “As we continue to champion #AklatParaSaLahat, we celebrate publishers and creators who help bring books beyond traditional centers and into more communities across the country. Through initiatives like this, we open more opportunities for Filipino stories, ideas, and voices to reach readers wherever they may be.”

Pinahanongod is the fifth title from Papel-Papel since its establishment in 2025 and its first reference title. Its catalogue includes literary titles such as The Rain is Different Now by Adeva Jane Esparrago-Kalidas, Password and Other Works by Abigail C James, Sa Gabing Pumanaog sa Pusod ng Lungsod       by Eric John B. Villena, and Terminal: Mga Kuwento by Raymond Ardiente Ybañez. Papel-Papel also produces paper products such as the CDO Urban Sketches Series notepads and postcards featuring watercolor art by Alexander Christian Legaspi.

Baños acknowledges the following persons without whose collaboration these stories wouldn’t have been shared: Dante M. Sudaria, publisher of BusinessWeekMindanao Daily News, and Metro Cagayan de Oro Times; Herbie Gomez, Rappler Central Desk/Mindanao Bureau Coordinator; Antonio J. Montalvan II, Europe-based Filipino social anthropologist and heritage activist; and the many others too numerous to list down here, who shared their insights and experiences of friends and loved ones featured in these tales.  

“And most of all to Nadine Legaspi and the Papel-Papel Publishing OPC team for believing in the power of these stories to inspire readers to pick themselves up from any and all hurdles that keep them from pursuing their vision, and breaking those barriers and glass ceilings to fulfilling their dreams.” 

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Message from The Editor-in-Chief Ramoncito Ocampo Cruz, Cagayan de Oro 400 Years Coffee Table Book

When people think of Cagayan de Oro, they often think of the phrase we carry so proudly: “The City of Golden Friendship.” 

But as an editorial team, when we began digging into the very bones of this project, we asked ourselves: What lies beneath that golden warmth? What is the true bedrock of this city?

Cagayan River (image courtesy of Dr Carlo Romero)

We found that Cagayan de Oro’s history is very much like its famous river—it is wild, resilient, deeply carved into the landscape of Mindanao, and constantly moving forward. This morning , we aren’t just launching a book; we are charting that magnificent current.

The Editorial Vision & Shared Roots

This grand coffee table book would not have been possible without the visionary support of our publisher, Congressman Rufus Rodriguez. Rufus, as many of you know, was my classmate back in the Xavier Ateneo Grade School Class of 1967. Collaborating with an old friend to honor our shared home has made this journey incredibly personal.

Rep. Rufus B. Rodriguez

As the Editor-in-Chief, working alongside our brilliant editorial consultant John Nery, our challenge wasn’t finding stories to tell; it was choosing which stories could possibly fit into these pages.

Cagayan de Oro is a place of beautiful contradictions. It is a booming metropolis that still tightly retains the soul of a close-knit community—the kind of deep, generational relationship that you can truly only find here. It stands proudly as the gateway to Northern Mindanao, a strategic hub of modern commerce. 

Yet, its heart beats to the timeless rhythm of ancient folklore, the historic heroism of the Battle of Makahambus, and the quiet dignity of its cultural pioneers.

In this publication, we wanted to move far beyond a simple timeline.The Migrants , who have come from places as far away as north America, Europe, Asia and from Luzon and the Visayas and even other regions of Mindanao  who and had have shared their knowledge and experience  contributing to the progress of the city. 

We wanted to capture the very texture of the city—the morning mist draped over the hills, the grit of our industrial boom, the vivid brushstrokes of our local visual artists, and the living voices of the people who built this city from a historic settlement into a shining beacon of growth.

Honoring the Tapestry of Collaboration

A monumental book like this is never the work of a single hand. It is a tapestry. I want to personally honor the brilliant creative minds who poured their hearts into this project.

First, my deepest thanks to our editorial consultant, John Nery, who walked with me from the very beginning, shaping our chapter outlines and sharpening our editorial direction. 

Mike Baños with John Nery

Thank you to our tireless associate editor, Mike Baños, and to Achilles Mina. To our pool of gifted writers—Dennis Estopace, Albert Gamboa, Em Guevarra, Genevieve Matias, Louie Sanchez, and Melisa Bagamasbad—thank you for translating raw history into living prose.

Our visual narrative is equally breathtaking. Thank you to our principal photographers, Dr. Lesty Balighasay, Edwin Tuyay, and Tom Udasco, as well as our generous photo contributors: Aimee Valencia, Heide General, Dominador de Asis, Clement Dampal III, Francis Manaloto, Larry Howland, and Fr. Rene Javellana, SJ. 

Together, you captured the luminous, cinematic beauty of CDO’s streets, its sweeping landscapes, and its vibrant flora and fauna. You have given this city a visual legacy that will stand the test of time.

Bringing this all to life on the page required immense artistic skill. Thank you to our graphic designer, Alona Martinez; our digital and pre-press graphic artists, Alex Dulay and Ferland Boborol; and our hawk-eyed proofreader, Bernie Lizardo.

To our institutional partners and co-publishers: thank you for trusting our vision and understanding that documenting a city’s history is an act of preservation—an act of pure love. And to the Jesuit Archives of the Philippine Province of the Society of Jesus, Del Monte Philippines, Inc., Cherry Pelaez Salazar, and the late Tony Malferrari, Nene Arce, and Charlie Cepeda for sharing the archival photos of the old Cagayan de Oro.
 

Books have a unique, enduring power. Long after the speeches this morning are over, and long after the landscape of our changing city shifts once again, these pages will remain. They stand as a permanent testament to who we were, what we built, and where we are destined to go.

Whether you are a lifelong Kagay-anon looking to reconnect with your roots, an investor marveling at our city’s soaring trajectory, or a visitor discovering our legendary warmth for the very first time, this book is our invitation to you.

Turn the pages. Immerse yourself in the river of our story.

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A Four Centuries in Four Decades Journey : CAGAYAN DE ORO 400 YEARS Coffee Table Book

It took a long time coming, but after a passage of nearly five decades, Cagayan de Oro’s first ever Coffee Table book covering its past, present and future history and heritage has come to fruition.

In a Grand Launch held at a local hotel on June 9, 2026, “CAGAYAN DE ORO 400 YEARS” was finally unveiled to a select group of the city’s Principalia and hoi polloi who were celebrated in its pages by its publisher Cagayan de Oro City Second District Congressman Rufus B.  Rodriguez, culminating a forty eight year trek.

Rep. Rufus B. Rodriguez

First conceived in 1978 while he was still a third-year law school student at the University of the Philippines-Diliman as a book on the history of Cagayan de Oro and Misamis Oriental, Rodriguez bought books of historical accounts of Cagayan de Oro and Misamis Oriental, and pored over documents at the National Library in Manila in his free time.

“I began writing at Ipil Residence Hall, Ipil Residence Hall, the UP Main Library, and the UP College of Law Library, and continued even during my service as a senior board member of Misamis Oriental in 1980 to 1984, when I started practicing law in Cagayan de Oro, continuing my  research at Xavier University’s library and museum.”

However the project had to be put on the back burner in 1994 when he pursued his Master of Laws Degree (LL.M.) at the Columbia Law School in New York City, finishing with Harlan Fiske Stone Honors (equivalent to magna cum laude) a year later. It was further delayed when he assumed as Dean of the San Sebastian College of Law and law practitioner, and during his term as Commissioner of the Bureau of Immigration from 1998 to 2001. He became actively involved in the 2001 senatorial elections as counsel for the opposition, and again in 2004 as counsel of the opposition candidates for president and vice president. After the elections that year, he finally started to finalize the manuscript.

“The latter took a while when I was elected in 2007 as Congressman of the 2nd District of Cagayan de Oro City and re-elected in 2010 and 2013. After being re-elected for my fourth term as Congressman in the May 2019 elections, I decided to publish the book, which remains the seminal work on the history of Cagayan de Oro and Misamis Oriental.

Meantime, he published Cagayan de Oro and Misamis Oriental: Politics and History, in April 2021 which he managed to finish because of the Covid-19 pandemic, when he had to stay home for one and a half years (2020-2021).

To expedite the project, he wrote and published with the support of the Congressional Historical Committee in 2023Historical Trail: Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental and Camiguin to further connect people with the landmarks that spanned the history of these provinces.

“I also negotiated for some of these landmarks to be rehabilitated, like the Ysalina Bridge, considered the oldest in Cagayan de Oro, as such physical structures remind us of what have been and what could be. These structures make history tangible, bring us to the past, make us experience the present, and allow us to peek into the future. And to allow more people to be connected to these structures and appreciate the stories they tell, I decided to publish this coffee-table book.”

Left to Right: Regine B. Rodriguez, Rufus B. Rodriguez, Ramoncito Ocampo Cruz, Nenen Rodriguez

He sought the assistance of Ramoncito “Monching” Cruz, his grade school classmate at Xavier University, to help put up the coffee-table book since the latter’s Media Wise Communications/MUSE Books which published award winning coffee table books, winning no less than 10 Gold Quill Awards in nine years,  a feat highlighted by a remarkable consecutive winning streak from 2023 to 2026. The IABC Gold Quill is a prestigious international program which  recognizes global excellence in strategic communication.

The hefty 370 page coffee table book Media Wise finally came up with weights a hefty 3 kgs (6.6 lbs.) and is 29.5 cms x 31 cms. (11.6 inches x 12.2 inches) by 3 cms. (1.2 inches) thick which allows the reader to fully appreciate the vintage photographs and paintings it is gloriously festooned with.

“The photographs and stories waiting for us in this book span four hundred years of the joys and sorrows and the tribulations and triumphs of a people proud of their origin and existence,” Rodriguez notes. “And as bridges do, the book will connect us closer as a people to a rich past, a wealth of experience, and a bounty of hope.”

City Administrator Roy Hilario Raagas, Chief of Staff Sheila Lumbatan, and friends from the Misamis Oriental Provincial Tourism Office, and Media Wise Communications/MUSE Books.

In his message read by City Administrator Atty Roy Hilario P. Raagas, Mayor Rolando “Klarex” A. Uy observed “This book is more than a collection of photographs, stories, and historical accounts. It is a testament to the resilience, achievements, aspirations, and identity of the Kagay-anon people across four centuries of growth, transformation, and progress. It preserves our collective memory while inspiring future generations to continue building a stronger and better Cagayan de Oro.”

“Through this book, we celebrate not only four centuries of history, but also preserve our identity as Kagay-anons and strengthen our pride in our beloved city.”

In her welcome message, Vice Mayor Jocelyn “Bebot” B. Rodriguez likened the coffee table book to a bridge between generations.

Left to Right: Mike Baños, Monching Cruz, Bebot Rodriguez, and Francis del Rosario.

“It tells us that happened to  us when we first encountered the Europeans in 1626, what we endured, what we achieved, and what responsibilities we carry as custodians of our shared history.”

“As we launch this book, may we remember that four hundred  years is not merely a measure of time. It is four hundred years of courage, struggle, faith, innovation, and identity. And the story of our city is still being written,” she added.

Regine Rodriguez, Monching Cruz, Nenen and Rufus Rodriguez unveil the coffee table book.

Not the least, Nazareth Punong Barangay Atty. Regine Beatrice Rodriguez, the unica hija of Rep. Rufus and his wife Nenen, stressed the volume’s significance to the young and future citizens of Cagayan de  Oro Cit y.

“History is not just written to be remembered by those who lived it, but as treasured trails of triumphs, and cautionary odes to the next generation who pen the next chapter.”

“Hopefully, a chapter filled with hope, sustainability, inclusiveness  and progressiveness with every anak sa Kagay-anon attaining their full potential though human dignity.

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The Northern Mindanao Campaign of the Philippine-American War Revisited

Very few Kagay-anons today are aware that Cagayan de Oro (then known as Cagayan de Misamis), was the primary center of resistance in Mindanao to the American invasion of the Philippines during the Philippine-American War.

Based on historical records, the Northern Mindanao Resistance (primarily centered in Cagayan de Misamis under General Nicolas Capistrano) was a significant, formally organized resistance that recognized the Aguinaldo government. It was distinct from other Mindanao resistance groups in its direct affiliation with the First Philippine Republic headed by General Emilio Aguinaldo.

40th Infantry US Volunteers arrive in Cagayan de Misamis and meet local officials.

As the primary representative of the Aguinaldo Republic in Mindanao, it was described by an American officer as the “Center of Insurrecto Power in Northern Mindanao.’

The Northern Mindanao campaign was recognized with a “Pact of Resistance” (January 1, 1900) by local leaders in Cagayan de Misamis, who were directly appointed by President Aguinaldo and aimed to uphold the Republic established in Luzon.

Artwork by Nonoy Estarte (from The Bautista Manuscript)

These are but some of the lesser known facts about our city’s involvement in the Philippine-American War that I came across when I was invited to deliver a presentation on The Philippine-American War in Northern Mindanao by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) last May 25th at the Ayala Museum in Makati.

My research into the mainstream narrative focusing on the three battles (Battle of Cagayan on 7 April 1900, Battle of Agusan Hill on 14 May 1900, and the Battle of Makahambus Hill on 04 June 1900) which most Kagay-anons are most familiar with, unearthed some not so well-known vignettes that are sure to be of interest many of us .

Kagay-anons Loyalty to Spain

For instance, when the Spanish-American War broke out on 16 February 1898 with the sinking of the American Battleship USS Maine at Havana Harbor, Cuba, many Kagay-anons remained loyal to Spain.

Tercio de Voluntarios de Cagayan (XU Museo de Oro)

This was amply demonstrated when Kagay-anons fought as part of the Tercio de Voluntarios de Cagayan which defeated the Disciplinarios at Sta Ana, Tagoloan in September 1898. Note this is the same month that the Philippine Revolution broke out in Luzon.

Disciplinarios are convicts from Luzon organized as a military unit to combat the Moros of Mindanao who mutinied and overthrew their Spanish officers in Fort La Victoria in Iligan.

As described by Iligan Historian Rey Luis Adeva Montesclaros  in his paper “Spanish Designs on Mindanao and the Saga Of The Disciplinarios”, the Disciplinarios were also augmented by the Cuadrilleros and Somatenes.

Seccion de Cuadrilleros (XU Museo de Oro)

The Cuadrilleros were a paramilitary force of natives charged with public edifices in cities and towns equivalent to today’s local police. During the Philippine Revolution they were militarized.

Tipos de Somaten Armados (XU Museo de Oro)

The Somatenes were also organized as a military formation with civilians and discharged native soldiers charged with the defense of towns when there was a shortage of military units or soldiers. They were usually armed with antiquated and useless firearms..

While some Kagay-anons volunteered for local defense, others joined the Spanish army. Known as mobilized volunteers, they were armed, equipped, and fed by the Spanish government.

Capt. Vicente Roa Y Racines (XU Museo de Oro)

The mobilized volunteers of 170 Kagay-anons were organized during the administration of Lt. Col. Cristobal Aguilar and some of them were sent to Luzon and the Visayas to fight against the Filipino revolutionaries alongside the Spaniards. Among them was Don Vicente Roa y Racines who was promoted from Sergeant to Second Lieutenant for his brilliant record in Iloilo.

With history rich in unintended irony, in less than 5 years, Vicente Roa, Apolinar Velez, Uldarico Akut and their comrades who fought under the Spanish flag, were fighting as Filipino patriots against the American 40th Regiment in the bloody Battle of Agusan on May 14, 1900.

In another remarkable instance, Fray Ramón Zueco de San Joaquín,  a prominent Augustinian Recollect missionary who served as the Prior of the St Augustine Church in Cagayan, commanded 464 volunteers from Cagayan de Misamis in the Spanish campaign of 1876.


His troops were instrumental in reinforcing Governor-General José Malcampo’s campaign to capture Jolo and suppress piracy in the Sulu Archipelago. He served the Misamis region for nearly three decades and died in Cagayan de Misamis on February 12, 1889. He was buried in a marble tomb constructed by his parishioners inside the local parish church, which is the site of the present-day Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint Augustine.

Wavering allegiance to Spain

These previous instances notwithstanding, although the revolution was gaining ground and spreading to the nearby places and around Manila, the people from Cagayan still supported the Spaniards as intimated in the letter of Don Vicente Elio y Sanchez of Camiguin to Calderon. In his letter, Elio intimated that during the early part of the 1896 Revolution, Cagayan and other places in the Misamis district remained loyal to Spain.

Secondary vs. Primary Sources

However, in his Bautista Manuscript, Filomeno M. Bautista, Sr.  wrote that “the last year of the Spanish administration in the Province was characterized by horrible cruelties. Secretly, the deserters from Iligan were captured and shot. In Iligan, suspects were daily shot, publicly, outside the fortress. Gaspar Cruz, a Spanish resident of Cagayan, had drowned many innocent suspects  in the sea between Cagayan and Iligan. These unfortunates were taken by his boat, SS Dalingding to Iligan under the pretense that they were summoned  by the military authorities. Before they reached there, scrap irons or stones were tied to their feet and they were helplessly thrown into the sea. One of the unfortunates was Valeriano Akut, a brother of Lt. Uldarico Akut, of the Battle of Agusan Hill.”

However, considering how Bautista’s Manuscript consisted of oral interviews he conducted some three decades after the Revolution, the descendants of Gaspar Cruz showed a newspaper article dated 21 June 1897 shows the list of Spanish and Filipinos who were awarded medals for their participation in the suppression of the Disciplinarios in 1896. Among them is Valeriano Acut,  who is listed as one of those Cabos Primeros who received a medal  as  a member of the Tercio Civil de Policia.

Gaspar Cruz I

In his paper “A History of the old Families of Cagayan de Oro city, Misamis Oriental, Mindanao island,” author Antonio Gaane Faustino II y Chaloner clarified Gaspar Cruz status during the Philippine-American War:                                                                                                    

“The Spanish period aspect of the Bautista Manuscript was based on his recollections or memory when Mr. Bautista was still a child and later on from the memory of older revolutionaries. He was born in 1890 so he was around 6 years old when the 1896 Disciplinarios uprising happened in Iligan that was repulsed by combined Spanish and loyal Indigenous Principalia forces.

During this Disciplinario uprising, Gaspar Cruz I was part of this combined Spanish and Indigenous loyalist force. In fact, he was awarded by the Spanish government the Civil Merit medal for his participation during this uprising which he helped suppress. He was already a civilian, and retired from the Los Garbosos Cazador Batallon, Spanish Army and was a sea-going merchant with his own sailing ship, SS Dalingding, and a coconut hacienda near Gingoog city.

Gaspar Cruz I also oversaw the infrastructure for the road from Cagayan to Tagoloan. He directed the construction of 5 bridges and he oversaw the construction of an oven for baking 16,000 bricks for the suspension bridge of Cagayan.”

His Great Grandson, Gaspar Cruz III adds:

“My great grandfather’s position was very simple, surrender all Spanish weapons and material only to the American authorities considering that during that time there was still no realistic formal Filipino government that the Americans recognized. As a direct descendant of Gaspar Cruz I, I understand that their sources were based on oral sources rather than official documents but having said that, I take umbrage that they did not consider the situation my Great Grandfather was in and arbitrarily cast him in a very negative light by describing him as a traitor impugning his character in absentia. He acted as a Spanish citizen who was ordered and obligated by his Spanish citizenship to follow the directive of surrendering all Spanish assets only to the Americans.”

Fake News Circa 1989

In another instance, when the Spanish censors sought to twist the utter defeat of Spain’s Asiatic Squadron as a Spanish victory, the news of Montejo’s misrepresented victory  was initially received with great rejoicing in Cagayan. Spaniards and Filipinos joined in a torch parade one night and cheered wildly, “Viva España Viva,” “Viva Almirante Montejo, Viva”.

Later on the natives found out Montejo’s victory was false. The natives lost their confidence in the Spaniards and they began to realize that they were weak and could be easily defeated. 

Casa del Chino Ygua

During the Battle of Cagayan, Filipino troops mistakenly attacked the Case del Chino Ygua instead of the town’s other brick house owned by Eng Guan Hiok where the headquarters of the 40th US Volunteers was actually billeted (where the basketball court of the first Kong Hua School was later located).

Forty were slain by the Americans and their remains buried at the backyard of the Casa del Chino Ygua (now the Grand City Hotel). A temporary cockpit was located there so the dead would be appeased by the blood of the killed fighting cocks. Dr Benjamin Sia recalls during the 1970s they used to light candles in the area during  All Saints/All Souls Day.

This is related in a personal interview of  Sia Bon Suan dated 01 August 1970 by an unidentified researcher. The original is written in Traditional Chinese script and found by Dr Benjamin Sia, son of Sia Bon Suan, a descendant of Sia Hong Ygua, who related this incident to him. The English translation was done by Dr Sean Benson Sia, son of Dr Benjamin Sia.

Surrender

The Liber Troop, the local resistance army headed by Gen. Nicolas Capistrano, surrendered to the Americans around 9:00 o’clock in the morning in the town plaza of Sumilao , Bukidnon. BGen. William A. Kobbe reported that the surrender of Capistrano’s command yielded nine officers, 160 men, 187 rifles and 80 shotguns.

According to Gen. Arthur MacArthur, this event “ended troubles in Mindanao as far as Filipinos were concerned.” This is reported in Gen. MacArthur’s “Correspondence to the Adjutant-General, Washington, June 23, 1900,” CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO THE WAR WITH SPAIN, FROM APRIL 15, 1896 TO JULY 30, 1902 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1902) II,  p. 1264

The resistance was notable for its organization in conducting battles (like the Battle of Cagayan) before surrendering in April 1901, soon after Aguinaldo’s capture.

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References:

Bautista, Filomeno M. Sr., The Bautista Manuscript of the Philippine Revolution in Misamis Province, 1900-1901, p. 254, 265,  393

Lao, Mardonio M., Cagayan de Oro, 1622-1901, p. 393

Demetrio, Francisco R., SJ, Brief Data on the History of the Philippine Revolution (1896-1901) Translated by Francisco Demetrio SJ (Local Historical Sources of Northern Mindanao , p. 611) from Breves Datos para la Historia de la Revolucion Filipina [1896-1901] Una Carta a mi Amigo Felipe G. Calderon escrita por Vicente Elio y Sanche

Montesclaros, Rey Luis Adeva, Spanish Designs on Mindanao and the Saga Of The Disciplinarios

Diario del Dia, 21 June 1897, Hemeroteca Digital (Digital Periodical and Newspaper Library), The National Library of Spain (BNE)

Personal interview of  Sia Bon Suan dated 01 August 1970 by an unidentified researcher. The original is written in Traditional Chinese script and found by Dr Benjamin Sia, son of Sia Bon Suan, a descendant of Sia Hong Ygua, who related this incident to him. The English translation was done by Dr Sean Benson Sia, son of Dr Benjamin Sia.

MacArthur, Arthur, “Correspondence to the Adjutant-General, Washington, June 23, 1900,” CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO THE WAR WITH SPAIN, FROM APRIL 15, 1896 TO JULY 30, 1902 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1902) II,  p. 1264

COWD Explains Rationale for Proposed Water Rates Adjustment

The Cagayan de Oro City Water District (COWD) would like to explain why a water rate adjustment has become necessary.

COWD’s water rates have remained unchanged since 2014. For more than a decade, despite rising operating costs, COWD has continued to provide water service without increasing rates.

Today, revenues are sufficient only for daily operations, maintenance, and limited small-scale projects. They are no longer enough to support major investments needed to improve and expand the water system, including:

• Development of new water sources

• Rehabilitation of aging pipelines

• Construction of small-scale water treatment facilities

COWD conducts  a dry-run on the water supply pipeline at Youngsville Subdivision in Opol, Misamis Oriental (file photo) 

As a GOCC, COWD does not receive regular subsidies from the local and national government and relies primarily on consumer payments to fund its operations and development projects.

Many consumers ask why rates must increase before service improvements are seen. The reason is that these improvements require significant funding. The necessary investments must be made first before projects can be implemented and the benefits delivered.

It is also important to note that, while concerns about low water pressure and service interruptions are valid, operational data shows that more than 80% of service areas generally receive acceptable water pressure and supply. Managing water distribution across a geographically diverse service area is complex, and solutions cannot be completed overnight.

After more than a decade without a rate increase, this adjustment is necessary to ensure the improvement and long-term sustainability of the water system. It is not intended to generate excessive profit, but to provide the resources needed to deliver better service for all consumers.

The Cagayan de Oro City Water District would like to inform the public of an upcoming PUBLIC HEARING on the proposed ADJUSTMENT OF WATER RATES.

The public hearings will be held at on the following venues on Wednesday, June 24, 2026.

9:00 to11:00 AM Barangay Balulang Covered Court

2:00 to 4:00 PM Carmen Barangay Hall Covered Court

Another series of public hearings are scheduled the following day June 25, 2026 at the following venues:

9:00 to11:00 AM Barangay 24 Covered Court

2:00 to 4:00 PM Barangay Tablon Mini Gym

All public hearings will be streamed live on COWD’s FB page to enable all consumers to witness the proceedings

(PUBLIC RELATIONS INFORMATION DIVISION, CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY WATER DISTRICT)

Mindanao Resistance mainstreamed in 125th Anniversary of Philippine Independence and Nationhood

A fresh look at the local history of Mindanao during the Philippine Revolution which presented new and existing historiographies from 1898 to 1901 was highlighted in an academic conference hosted by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines on 25-26 May 2026 at the Ayala Museum, Makati City.

The conference sought to explore the enduring legacies of the Philippine Revolution, Philippine-American War, and the First Philippine Republic beyond 1901 in partnership with the Ayala Foundation, the Ayala Museum, and the member-affiliates of the Local Historical Committees Network (LHCN).

Scheduled on the first day of the conference on 25 May 2026 dubbed SESSION 3: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL INQUIRY OF MINDANAO LOCAL HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE AND NATIONHOOD, it featured the following topics:

The Maranao Resistance to Spanish Occupation and its Impact on Mindanao during the Philippine Revolution by Assistant Professor Rey Luis A. Montesclaros of the Department of History, College of Arts and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University — Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT); 

Asst. Prof. Rey Luis Adeva Montesclaros

The Philippine-American War in Northern Mindanao by Rene Michael D. Baños, Founding Member of the Northern Mindanao Heritage Network;

Rene Michael D. Baños

and Musings on the Relevance of the First Official Raising of the Philippine Flag in Mindanao by Neil Martial D. Santillan, Ph.D., Professor, Department of History, University of the Philippines Diliman.

Neil Martial D. Santillan, Ph.D

An Open Forum with the panelists immediately followed with Josef Alec D. Geradila, Historic Sites Development Officer, National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) moderating.

SESSION 3: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL INQUIRY OF MINDANAO LOCAL HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE AND NATIONHOOD

“It is gratifying to note that Mindanao historians and heritage advocates have once again taken center stage at this recent academic conference,” observed Iligan City Historian Ricardo Jorge S. Caluen. “In the 1970s, historians like the National Artist Resil B. Mojares and Marcelino Foronda (my History professor at DLSU) started the so-called Local History Movement in the country, a very welcome thrust in the historiography of Philippine History. It sought to fill the lacunae in the writing of the national narrative  that—until that point in the time—was heavily Manila-centric.”

Noting the growing inclusion of Mindanao history in the national history narrative, Dr. Faina C. Abaya-Ulindang, author/lecturer/professor at Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan, Iligan Medical Center College, and formerly at Mindanao State University, noted: : “That will be a great contribution. These Mindanao tales- factual/archival or some narratives gathered as oral history, I am sure many will take interest in that, because as you had observed Mindanao history remains peripheral in our national history, specifically World War II history/ies. Yes, that will be a very timely project. XU Archives has I believe substantial sources for World War II.”

Caluen remarked further, “Perhaps one could say that the eminent historian Renato Constantino may have been a major influence in promoting the writing about socio-politico developments in the regions with his analysis that the writing of a national history is often centered on “major” events taking place in the capital and environs, neglecting to consider the dynamics in the regions that definitely impact upon nationwide developments.”

Xavier University and the MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology are major contributors to the development of local history studies because as early as the late 1970s and early 1980s these academic institutions had already organized national conferences on local history with the support of what was then the National Historical Institute (now NHCP), the Philippine National Historical Society, and other like bodies,  he added.



“The participation of researchers like Rene Michael Baños, Prof. Rey Luis Montesclaros, and Dr. Neil Martial Santillan proves there is considerable writing about Mindanao history that is taking place. It only awaits a proper forum, like the recently-concluded, for it to be publicized.”

L-R Josef Alec Geradila, Gina Batuhan, Rey Luis A. Montesclaros, Mike Baños, and Neil Martial D. Santillan.

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Cover photo: The Battle of Cagayan, also known as the Siete de Abril, was fought on 7 April 1900 between the Liber Troop of Gen Nicolas Capistrano and the 40th Infantry Regiment, US Volunteers. (Painting by Danny Pitaro, City Museum of Cagayan de Oro and Heritage Studies Center)

Historians gather for 125th Anniversary of the Proclamation of PH Independence Finale

PANAGRIING: A Nation Still Rising

MAKATI CITY- The National Historical Commission of the Philippines paid a fitting tribute to the proclamation of  the country’s independence with a two-day academic conference held 25 May 2026 at the Ayala Museum, Makati City.

The Three-Year Milestone Commemoration began in 2023, as the Philippines marked the 125th Anniversary of the Proclamation of Philippine Independence on 12 June 1898 at the house Of Emilio Aguinaldo in Kawit, Cavite.

NHCP Deputy Exec Dir Alvin Alcid

“That Historic Moment Stands as a defining declaration before the world that the Filipino People had emerged as a Nation with its own Aspirations, Identity, and Right to Self-Determination,” noted NHCP Chair Regalado Trota Jose, Jr. during the opening program of Panagriing: A Nation Still Rising – the closing conference of the 125th Anniversary of Philippine Independence and Nationhood 2023-2026 in his message read by NHCP Deputy Executive Director Alvin Alcid.

“We have called this conference Panagriing, an Ilocano word which means “to be roused from sleep.” This is the essence of our commemoration. For when the Filipino comes to fully realize the meaning and depth of His/Her freedom as understood through history, she/he is awakened from ako to a higher consciousness of tayo. It is an awakening that stirs us to unite, to dream beyond the present, to dare what has been untried, to uphold Freedom as a precious gift, and to defend it with our entire being.”

Jose framed the commemoration as a continuing intellectual and public history project that seeded reflections on our first experiment in self-governance—historically the first Constitutional Republic in Asia, revisiting the establishment of a representative congress that brought together delegates from all corners of the archipelago and formulated a national political community and  the Malolos constitution, which enshrined a Bill of Rights,  established a truly Filipino government, affirmed the separation of church and state, established an army, and its own territory.

“It remains one of the most important expressions of early Filipino constitutional thought and political modernity,” Jose stressed.

Tercio de Voluntatios de Cagayan (XU Museo de Oro)

When the young republic was subsequently tested by an emerging global superpower in the Philippine-American War, patriots from all over the islands rose to the challenge, exhibiting a national commitment to freedom, even under great disparity and sacrifice.

As part of this national commemoration, the NHCP unveiled several historical markers under the Landas ng Pagkabansang Pilipino marque which identified and marked key sites across Luzon that witnessed the formation, development, and final phases of the First Philippine Republic.

Rosario, Landas ng Pagkabansang Pilipino 1899

The agency similarly brought history to communities throughout the nation through the Republika Community Lectures, held in various localities in Luzon and the Visayas, with historians directly engaging with local audiences in locales where the Revolution and the First Republic were actually lived and experienced.

Republika Community Lectures at Guian, Eastern Samar with Dr. Rolando O. Borrinaga

Jose remarked how fitting the conference served as the culmination of National Heritage Month, reflecting a broad and integrated exploration of Filipino nationhood, exploring the country in all its regions, underscored by the multiple and diverse expressions of the struggle for independence throughout the archipelago.

The second day tackled the nascent nation’s efforts    toward  self-organization and recognition through diplomacy, the internal politics of the republic, and the bitter resistance after Aguinaldo’s capture. It will concluded with an examination of contemporary commemorative efforts,  where museums, libraries, and cultural practices play a vital role in shaping understandings of Filipino Nationhood.

Among the eminent historians who graced the two day conference as keynote speakers on various topics were Maria Serena I. Diokno, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Department of History, University of the Philippines-Diliman (The Paradox of Our Struggles for Independence); Reynaldo C. Ileto, Ph.D., Honorary Professor, School of Culture, History and Language, The Australian National University, who was streamed live from Canberra, Australia (Santa Iglesia or Asemblea Filipina? Two Paths to Nation-making and their Significance for the Present); and Ricardo T. Jose, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Department of History, UP-Diliman (Philippine Diplomacy and Diplomats and Their Role in Making the Philippine Nation, 18997 onwards).

NHCP Executive Director Carminda R. Arevalo

“As we close today’s conference, and end too the past three years of celebration and remembrance, we invite you, fellow students of history, fellow cultural workers, educators, and lovers of our nation to use this moment to reflect – in the past that was shared with us, in the present that we inhabit, and in the future that we face,” NHCP Executive Director Carminda R. Arevalo in her remarks formally closing the two-day conference and three-year commemoration.

“For just as our ancestors took the helm of their present with the vision of guiding our nation towards a better future, so remains the unending journey to be better, as a person, as a community, as a  people, and as a nation.”

She walked everyone through the last two days, witnessing the story of our first years as a new nation, born in the circumstances of war to a people that had yet to see themselves as compatriots not only in a fight for freedom, but also in a destiny and a future.

“We saw the paradoxes that defined our struggle for independence, the contradictions that limited our forebears, and the realities that cut short the life of our young republic,” she noted.

“But at the same instance, we felt the raw courage of our fellow Filipinos who had fought off a colonial oppressor once and were again rising up to fight another – of           the young men and women whotook upboththe instruments of combat and of education to define the meaning of our nation; of the multitude of Filipino communities, in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, and even abroad, whose work to resist became the foundations of an identity that would later bear fruit some almost fifty years later. An identity that would be born from the ashes of another, more devastating conflict.”

Arevalo concluded with a quote from Apolinario Mabini: “Only he is truly a patriot who, whatever his post, high or low, tries to do the greatest possible good to his Countrymen.”

May we all be true patriots in our own Ways.

Similarly, Jose expressed how the conference serves not only as the culmination of a milestone commemoration, but also as an opening to a deeper forward-looking National Reflection—of who we were, and who we aspire to be, as a nation among the community of nations.

As the great Filipino statesman Jose w. Diokno once said: “There is one dream all Filipinos share: That our children may have a better life than we have had. So there is one vision that is distinctly Filipino: the vision to make this country, our country, a nation for our children.”

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